Alteración del metabolismo de las especies reactivas de oxígeno en el cáncer
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2023-07-03
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] Como consecuencia de un desajuste en el correcto funcionamiento del ciclo celular, se
pueden llegar a generar células anormales, más concretamente, células cancerígenas.
Estas células van a presentar altos niveles de estrés oxidativo, causado por un
desequilibrio entre los sistemas productores, encargados de la generación de especies
reactivas de oxígeno (ROS), y los sistemas antioxidantes responsables de regular su
eliminación. La principal fuente de ROS es la mitocondria, donde se producen estas
moléculas mediante una reducción parcial de oxígeno molecular. Estos radicales se hallan
involucradas en multitud de procesos tanto en células normales como tumorales, como
son la respuesta inmune, angiogénesis, metástasis y transición epitelio-mesénquima,
entre otros. Presentan un importante papel en enfermedades como el cáncer, ya que,
pueden llegar a ser tan perjudiciales como beneficiosos, debido a su doble función
protumoral y antitumoral, de ahí, la importancia del uso de ROS como diana terapéutica
en el cáncer.
[EN] As a result of an imbalance in the proper functioning of the cell cycle, abnormal cells, more specifically cancer cells, may be generated. These cells will present high levels of oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance between the production systems responsible for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant systmens responsible for regulating their elimination. The main source of ROS is the mitochondria, that produces these molecules through a partial reduction of molecular oxygen. These radicals are involved in many process in both normal and tumor cells, such as inmune response, angiogenesis, metastasis and epithelium-mesenchymal transition, among others. They play an important role in diseases such as cancer, since they can be as harmful as they are beneficial, due to thei dual pro-tumor and anti-tumor function, hence the importance of the use ROS as a therapeutic target in cancer.
[EN] As a result of an imbalance in the proper functioning of the cell cycle, abnormal cells, more specifically cancer cells, may be generated. These cells will present high levels of oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance between the production systems responsible for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant systmens responsible for regulating their elimination. The main source of ROS is the mitochondria, that produces these molecules through a partial reduction of molecular oxygen. These radicals are involved in many process in both normal and tumor cells, such as inmune response, angiogenesis, metastasis and epithelium-mesenchymal transition, among others. They play an important role in diseases such as cancer, since they can be as harmful as they are beneficial, due to thei dual pro-tumor and anti-tumor function, hence the importance of the use ROS as a therapeutic target in cancer.