Métodos analíticos para la determinación de cianotoxinas en alimentos
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2023-06-07
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES] En este presente trabajo de fin de grado se ha desarrollado una revisión bibliográfica sobre los distintos
métodos de detección existentes sobre cianotoxinas en distintas matrices de alimentos, como es el
pescado, mariscos, bivalvos, verduras y agua. Este trabajo se compone de una introducción donde se
detallan los distintos tipos de cianotoxinas y la causa de su aparición, mayoritariamente en peces y aguas,
así como la importancia tras el contacto con los seres vivos, por vía oral y dérmica, entre otras. Se explicará
en detalle cada método de análisis, cromatografía de líquidos de elevada eficacia (HPLC) en todos los casos
acoplada a distintos detectores: UV-Vis, espectrometría de masas y fluorescencia. Para cada familia de
cianotoxinas se detallará su respectivo tratamiento de muestra, distinto en cada caso, que en su mayoría
consisten en una extracción sólido-líquido seguida de una etapa de limpieza.
[EN] In this final degree thesis, bibliographic research has been carried out on the existing detection methods for cyanotoxins in different food matrices, such as fish, shellfish, bivalves, vegetables and water. This work includes an introduction detailing the different types of cyanotoxins and the cause of their appearance, mainly in fish and water, as well as the importance after contact with living beings, orally and dermally, among others. Each method of analysis has been explained in detail, including HPLC in all cases and the different detectors, such as UV-Vis, mass spectrometry and fluorescence. The different sample treatments have been intensely discussed for each family of cyanotoxins. It should be noted that most of them are based on solid-liquid extraction followed by a clean-up such as SPE.
[EN] In this final degree thesis, bibliographic research has been carried out on the existing detection methods for cyanotoxins in different food matrices, such as fish, shellfish, bivalves, vegetables and water. This work includes an introduction detailing the different types of cyanotoxins and the cause of their appearance, mainly in fish and water, as well as the importance after contact with living beings, orally and dermally, among others. Each method of analysis has been explained in detail, including HPLC in all cases and the different detectors, such as UV-Vis, mass spectrometry and fluorescence. The different sample treatments have been intensely discussed for each family of cyanotoxins. It should be noted that most of them are based on solid-liquid extraction followed by a clean-up such as SPE.
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Química Analítica