Análisis de estructuras de edificación con elementos prefabricados sometidas a acciones laterales.
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2018-04-03
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[ES] Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado trata de analizar las estructuras de edificación con elementos prefabricados sometidas a acciones laterales provenientes de terremotos proyectadas con muros pantalla modulares prefabricadas de hormigón con conectores dúctiles y tendones de pretensado libres sin inyectar. Se proyecta una estructura porticada prefabricada de seis plantas con vigas biapoyadas en ménsulas cortas y pantallas prefabricadas. De esta forma, se consigue un comportamiento dúctil en el arranque de pantallas con alta capacidad de disipación de energía además de una importante capacidad de recentrado de la estructura para evitar desplazamientos remanentes cuando finaliza el terremoto, que son muy típicos en las estructuras que integran muros pantalla construidas in situ.
Se realiza un estudio económico comparativo entre tipologías estructurales construidas in situ con forjados reticulares y prefabricadas, obteniéndose menos coste total en éstas últimas debido a la rapidez constructiva.
[EN]This study is led to analyze precast building structures subjected to lateral loads as earthquakes, designed with precast-block shear-walls ductile bolts and prestressed tendons free of cover mortar. A 6th-story precast frame structure is designed, with pinned-pinned beams supported on corbel-column connections and precast shear-walls. A ductile structural behavior is attained at the foot of the shear-walls, with a high energy dissipation capacity. Moreover, this kind of structures have a significant recenter capacity, by avoiding permanent lateral displacements when the earthquake has faded away, which are very usual in cast-in-place shear-wall structures. A comparative economic study is carried out between traditional waffle-slab and precast structures. A clear economic benefit is obtained owing to the lesser construction times of precast structures repect to the traditional.
[EN]This study is led to analyze precast building structures subjected to lateral loads as earthquakes, designed with precast-block shear-walls ductile bolts and prestressed tendons free of cover mortar. A 6th-story precast frame structure is designed, with pinned-pinned beams supported on corbel-column connections and precast shear-walls. A ductile structural behavior is attained at the foot of the shear-walls, with a high energy dissipation capacity. Moreover, this kind of structures have a significant recenter capacity, by avoiding permanent lateral displacements when the earthquake has faded away, which are very usual in cast-in-place shear-wall structures. A comparative economic study is carried out between traditional waffle-slab and precast structures. A clear economic benefit is obtained owing to the lesser construction times of precast structures repect to the traditional.