SOBRECARGA EN CUIDADORAS INFORMALES DE PERSONAS CON ESQUIZOFRENIA: una revisión narrativa.
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2021-02-18
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[ES]Objetivos: conocer la existencia de sobrecarga en el cuidador informal de personas con esquizofrenia, factores
causantes de la carga y la caracterización sociodemográfica de estas cuidadoras. Metodología: llevamos a cabo una
revisión narrativa, realizando una búsqueda en las principales bases de datos nacionales e internacionales: Cuiden
plus, Dialnet plus, PubMed, Lilacs , Cinahl, Lilacs y Psyinfo. Los tipos de estudios donde se fundamenta nuestro
trabajo son principalmente artículos (estudios cualitativos), revisiones bibliográficas y sistemáticas y casos clínicos
entre otros. Resultados: la mala evolución de la enfermedad, el aumento de síntomas psicóticos y llevar más años
dedicados al cuidado son factores claves que aumentan la sobrecarga en estos cuidadores. Además de estos factores
hay que añadir otros como el déficit de tiempo de ocio, aislamiento social, cansancio físico y psicológico y
dificultades económicas. Conclusiones: Las familias son a menudo los principales cuidadores de sus parientes
enfermos y es deber de los equipos sanitarios actuar como amortiguadores contra la sobrecarga a la que están
expuestos mediante la educación sanitaria, intervenciones psicoeducativas y el apoyo social así como, promover la
participación activa del individuo enfermo en la sociedad.
[EN]Objectives: to know the existence of overload in the informal caregiver of people with schizophrenia, factors causing the load and the sociodemographic characterization of these caregivers. Methodology: we carried out a narrative review, searching the main national and international databases: Cuiden plus, Dialnet plus, PubMed, Lilacs, Cinahl, Lilacs and Psyinfo. The types of studies on which our work is based are mainly articles (qualitative studies), systematic and bibliographic reviews, and clinical cases, among others. Results: the poor evolution of the disease, the increase in psychotic symptoms and spending more years in care are key factors that increase the burden on these caregivers. In addition to these factors, we must add others such as the lack of leisure time, social isolation, physical and psychological fatigue and economic difficulties. Conclusions: Families are often the main caregivers of their sick relatives and it is the duty of health teams to act as shock absorbers against the overload to which they are exposed through health education, psychoeducational interventions and social support as well as promoting active participation. of the sick individual in society.
[EN]Objectives: to know the existence of overload in the informal caregiver of people with schizophrenia, factors causing the load and the sociodemographic characterization of these caregivers. Methodology: we carried out a narrative review, searching the main national and international databases: Cuiden plus, Dialnet plus, PubMed, Lilacs, Cinahl, Lilacs and Psyinfo. The types of studies on which our work is based are mainly articles (qualitative studies), systematic and bibliographic reviews, and clinical cases, among others. Results: the poor evolution of the disease, the increase in psychotic symptoms and spending more years in care are key factors that increase the burden on these caregivers. In addition to these factors, we must add others such as the lack of leisure time, social isolation, physical and psychological fatigue and economic difficulties. Conclusions: Families are often the main caregivers of their sick relatives and it is the duty of health teams to act as shock absorbers against the overload to which they are exposed through health education, psychoeducational interventions and social support as well as promoting active participation. of the sick individual in society.