Desarrollo de vacunas frente al Covid-19: revisión sobre su presente y futuro
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2021-07-07
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES] Desde la aparición del nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (síndrome respiratorio agudo severo coronavirus 2), en diciembre del 2019 en China, toda la humanidad se encuentra inmersa en una pandemia. El SARS-CoV-2 provoca la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) y su impacto en el mundo ha ocasionado el desarrollo de vacunas eficaces y seguras en tiempo récord. El rápido desarrollo de las vacunas contra el COVID-19 ha sido posible gracias a investigaciones previas llevadas a cabo contra el SARS-CoV de 2002, ya que ambos coronavirus tienen un alto grado de similitud genética. Se han empleado diferentes plataformas de desarrollo de vacunas, incluidas las vacunas de ácidos nucleicos, vacunas de virus completo y las vacunas de subunidades de proteínas recombinantes. En esta revisión bibliográfica, se analiza el desarrollo de las principales vacunas contra el COVID-19 autorizadas en la Unión Europea, y su uso para acabar con la crisis sanitaria actual.
[EN] Since the emergence of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), in December 2019 in China, all humanity is immersed in a pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its impact on the world has led to the development of effective and safe vaccines in record time. The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines has been made possible by previous research conducted against SARS-CoV in 2002, as both coronaviruses have a high degree of genetic similarity. Different vaccine development platforms have been used, including nucleic acid vaccines, complete virus vaccines and recombinant protein subunit vaccines. This bibliographic review analyses the development of the main COVID-19 vaccines authorized in the European Union, and their use to end the current health crisis.
[EN] Since the emergence of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), in December 2019 in China, all humanity is immersed in a pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its impact on the world has led to the development of effective and safe vaccines in record time. The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines has been made possible by previous research conducted against SARS-CoV in 2002, as both coronaviruses have a high degree of genetic similarity. Different vaccine development platforms have been used, including nucleic acid vaccines, complete virus vaccines and recombinant protein subunit vaccines. This bibliographic review analyses the development of the main COVID-19 vaccines authorized in the European Union, and their use to end the current health crisis.