Estudio de la comunidad de nematodos bacteriófagos y micófagos presentes en olivar
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2024-09-06
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[ES] El estudio de los nematodos fitoparásitos asociados a cultivos genera gran interés debido a su importancia económica. Ocurre lo contrario con la investigación de los de vida libre, siendo sumamente escasa en el olivar, a pesar de su importante papel ecológico. Con el objetivo de continuar su conocimiento, se ha realizado un estudio acerca de los nematodos bacteriófagos y micófagos asociados a cuatro olivares
andaluces, dos de manejo orgánico y dos de intensivo. De los 2719 ejemplares encontrados, el 60%
pertenecían a dichos grupos tróficos y 24 de las 35 especies identificadas constituyen nuevas citas en el
olivar. También se han encontrado nematodos del resto de grupos tróficos, pertenecientes a seis órdenes
diferentes, si bien dominan Rhabditida y Dorylaimida. Finalmente, se ha observado que los olivares
ecológicos tienen mayor número de nematodos, predominando los bacteriófagos y micófagos sobre fitoparásitos, omnívoros y depredadores, al contrario que en los de manejo intensivo.
[EN] The study of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with crops generates great interest due to their economic importance. The opposite occurs with research on free-living species, which is extremely scarce in olive groves, despite their important ecological role. In order to continue their knowledge, a study has been carried out on bacterivores and fungivores nematodes associated with four Andalusian olive groves, two under organic management and two under intensive management. Out of the 2719 specimens found, 60% belonged to these trophic groups and 24 of the 35 identified species are new records in the olive grove. Nematodes from the rest of the trophic groups, belonging to six different orders, have also been found, although Rhabditida and Dorylaimida dominate. Finally, it has been observed that organic olive groves have a higher number of nematodes, with bacterivores and fungivores nematodes predominating over plant-parasitic, omnivores, and predators, unlike in intensive management groves.
[EN] The study of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with crops generates great interest due to their economic importance. The opposite occurs with research on free-living species, which is extremely scarce in olive groves, despite their important ecological role. In order to continue their knowledge, a study has been carried out on bacterivores and fungivores nematodes associated with four Andalusian olive groves, two under organic management and two under intensive management. Out of the 2719 specimens found, 60% belonged to these trophic groups and 24 of the 35 identified species are new records in the olive grove. Nematodes from the rest of the trophic groups, belonging to six different orders, have also been found, although Rhabditida and Dorylaimida dominate. Finally, it has been observed that organic olive groves have a higher number of nematodes, with bacterivores and fungivores nematodes predominating over plant-parasitic, omnivores, and predators, unlike in intensive management groves.