Olvido intencional de personas: El paradigma del olvido dirigido.
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2016-07-21
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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Este trabajo es una revisión bibliográfica acerca del paradigma de Olvido Dirigido (OD) empleando caras como material. El efecto del olvido dirigido hace referencia al menor recuerdo de ítems seguidos de la instrucción de olvidar respecto cuando están seguidos de la instrucción de recordar. Este efecto ha sido explicado a) por el repaso selectivo de los ítems a recordar o b) por la inhibición activa de los ítems a olvidar. Por otro lado, estudios previos muestran que el repaso verbal de caras disminuye su posterior reconocimiento. Así, el objetivo de este estudio es determinar si existe olvido dirigido cuando se emplean caras como material. Si se produce este efecto con caras, los resultados no podrían explicarse por la teoría de repaso selectivo, ya que las caras a recordar se deberían recordar peor. A continuación se explica el procedimiento de búsqueda bibliográfica. Finalmente, los resultados obtenidos en los últimos cinco años, muestran olvido dirigido con caras, lo que estaría en contra de la hipótesis del repaso selectivo y a favor de la hipótesis de la inhibición activa.
This paper is a literature review about the Directed Forgetting (DF) paradigm using faces as material. The effect of directed forgetting refers to the lower level of recall of items followed by instructions to forget compared to when these items are followed by the instruction to remember. This effect has been explained a) by the selective rehearsal of the items to be remembered or b) by the active inhibition of the items to be forgotten. On the other hand, previous studies show that verbal rehearsal of faces decreases their subsequent recognition. So the objective of this study is to determine if there is directed forgetting when faces are used as a material. If this effect appears with faces, the results could not be explained by the theory of selective rehearsal, due to fact that faces to be remembered should be recalled worse. Later, the procedure of the review is explained. Finally, the obtained results in the last five years show directed forgetting with faces, which would be against the hypothesis of selective rehearsal and in favor of the hypothesis of the active inhibition.
This paper is a literature review about the Directed Forgetting (DF) paradigm using faces as material. The effect of directed forgetting refers to the lower level of recall of items followed by instructions to forget compared to when these items are followed by the instruction to remember. This effect has been explained a) by the selective rehearsal of the items to be remembered or b) by the active inhibition of the items to be forgotten. On the other hand, previous studies show that verbal rehearsal of faces decreases their subsequent recognition. So the objective of this study is to determine if there is directed forgetting when faces are used as a material. If this effect appears with faces, the results could not be explained by the theory of selective rehearsal, due to fact that faces to be remembered should be recalled worse. Later, the procedure of the review is explained. Finally, the obtained results in the last five years show directed forgetting with faces, which would be against the hypothesis of selective rehearsal and in favor of the hypothesis of the active inhibition.