INFLUENCIA DEL FACTOR DE GÉNERO EN CUIDADORAS INFORMALES DE PERSONAS DEPENDIENTES.
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Fecha
2021-02-16
Autores
Cueto Torres, Irene
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[ES]El envejecimiento de la población española lleva consigo un aumento de las enfermedades crónicas y por tanto un
incremento de la demanda de cuidados. El modelo tradicional de cuidados junto a los roles de género impuestos en la
sociedad ocasionan que toda la carga del cuidado recaiga sobre la mujer. El papel de la mujer se asocia culturalmente al
entorno doméstico y de cuidado, lo cual le lleva a sentir la obligación moral de cuidar a su familiar dependiente. La
sobrecarga que presenta la cuidadora a la hora de realizar todas las tareas cotidianas la expone a una mayor morbilidad.
Los actuales cambios sociales han causado que aparezcan otras figuras de personas cuidadoras como son el hombre y la
mujer inmigrante. Estas figuras son aún minoritarias, por lo que nos lleva a preocuparnos por analizar los factores de
género que llevan a la mujer a cuidar y que les hace someterse a mayor estrés que el hombre. El objetivo principal de
este estudio es profundizar en cómo el factor género influye sobre el cuidador informal de la persona dependiente. Para
ello se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica en una serie de bases de datos mediante el uso de cadenas de búsqueda y
el análisis de artículos. Como conclusiones de esta revisión, se presentan fomentar la visibilización y dar valor a la tarea
del cuidado para que se convierta en una actividad compartida por hombres y mujeres. También, es importante que el
Estado tome mayor participación en el cuidado ya que debe ser una tarea compartida entre la esfera pública y privada.
Finalmente, el análisis del factor de género puede abrir numerosas líneas de investigación por parte de enfermería ya
que es un factor importante que influye en los cuidados y que ocasiona que las mujeres enfermen.
[EN]The aging of the Spanish population leads to an increase in chronic diseases and therefore an increase in the demand for care. The traditional model of care with the gender roles imposed on society causes the entire burden of caring on women. The role of women is culturally associated with the domestic and care environment, which leads her to feel a moral obligation to care for her dependent family member. The overload that the caregiver presents when performing all daily tasks exposes her to greater morbidity. The current social changes have caused the appearance of other caregiver figures, such as the man and immigrant woman. These figures are still in the minority, which leads us to worry about analyzing the gender factors that lead women to care and making them undergo greater stress than men. The main objective of this study is to delve into how the gender factor influences the informal caregiver of the dependent person. For this, a bibliographic review was carried out in a series of databases using search strings and with the analysis of articles. As conclusions of this review, we present promoting visibility and giving value to the task of caring so that it becomes an activity shared by men and women. Also, it is important that the State takes greater participation in care, since it must be a shared task between the public and private spheres. Finally, the analysis of the gender factor could open numerous lines of research by nursing, since it is an important factor that have influence in care and it causes women to become ill.
[EN]The aging of the Spanish population leads to an increase in chronic diseases and therefore an increase in the demand for care. The traditional model of care with the gender roles imposed on society causes the entire burden of caring on women. The role of women is culturally associated with the domestic and care environment, which leads her to feel a moral obligation to care for her dependent family member. The overload that the caregiver presents when performing all daily tasks exposes her to greater morbidity. The current social changes have caused the appearance of other caregiver figures, such as the man and immigrant woman. These figures are still in the minority, which leads us to worry about analyzing the gender factors that lead women to care and making them undergo greater stress than men. The main objective of this study is to delve into how the gender factor influences the informal caregiver of the dependent person. For this, a bibliographic review was carried out in a series of databases using search strings and with the analysis of articles. As conclusions of this review, we present promoting visibility and giving value to the task of caring so that it becomes an activity shared by men and women. Also, it is important that the State takes greater participation in care, since it must be a shared task between the public and private spheres. Finally, the analysis of the gender factor could open numerous lines of research by nursing, since it is an important factor that have influence in care and it causes women to become ill.