Efecto de la administración de prebióticos en el desarrollo de diabetes tipo I: integridad de la mucosa intestinal
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2019-07-09
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES] La alteración de la barrera intestinal se ha relacionado con el desarrollo de diabetes tipo 1, participando la microbiota intestinal y la dieta. Se ha estudiado el efecto de la administración temprana de oligosacáridos de la leche humana {HMOs) y de un antibiótico sobre la integridad intestinal de ratones prediabéticos y diabéticos. El estudio histológico del íleon indica que: i) la alteración de la barrera intestinal aparece en el estado prediabético; ii) el antibiótico no parece tener una incidencia sobre la morfología intestinal; iii) hay mayor presencia de células caliciformes en las vellosidades de animales diabéticos control y tratados con antibiótico, posiblemente como resultado de una respuesta inflamatoria; iv) las vellosidades de estos mismos individuos son significativamente más largas, probablemente como respuesta a una menor utilización de glucosa y a la polifagia; v) el tratamiento con HMOs promueve una respuesta diferencial de las células caliciformes dependiente de su localización en individuos diabéticos; vi) la suplementación con HMOs mantiene la abundancia de células caliciformes y la altura de las vellosidades, sugiriendo su efecto protector sobre la barrera intestinal.
[EN] The alteration of the intestinal barrier function has been related to the development of type 1 diabetes, involving the intestinal microbiota and the diet. The effect of the early administration of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and an antibiotic on the intestinal integrity of prediabetic and diabetic mice has been studied. The histological study of the ileum indicates that: i) the alteration of the intestinal barrier appears in the prediabetic state; ii) the antibiotic does not seem to have an incidence on intestinal morphology; iii) there is a greater presence of goblet cells in the villi of control and antibiotic-treated diabetic animals, possibly as a result of an inflammatory response; iv) the villi of these same individuals are significantly longer, probably in response to lower glucose utilization and polyphagia; v) treatment with HMOs promotes a differential response of goblet cells dependent on their location in diabetic individuals; vi) supplementation with HMOs maintains the abundance of goblet cells and the height of the villi, suggesting its protective effect on the intestinal barrier.
[EN] The alteration of the intestinal barrier function has been related to the development of type 1 diabetes, involving the intestinal microbiota and the diet. The effect of the early administration of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and an antibiotic on the intestinal integrity of prediabetic and diabetic mice has been studied. The histological study of the ileum indicates that: i) the alteration of the intestinal barrier appears in the prediabetic state; ii) the antibiotic does not seem to have an incidence on intestinal morphology; iii) there is a greater presence of goblet cells in the villi of control and antibiotic-treated diabetic animals, possibly as a result of an inflammatory response; iv) the villi of these same individuals are significantly longer, probably in response to lower glucose utilization and polyphagia; v) treatment with HMOs promotes a differential response of goblet cells dependent on their location in diabetic individuals; vi) supplementation with HMOs maintains the abundance of goblet cells and the height of the villi, suggesting its protective effect on the intestinal barrier.