Infertilidad en la pareja: Una revisión de la literatura
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2016-06-17
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES] Objetivos: Descripción de los principales tratamientos de reproducción asistida, problemas emocionales en la pareja infértil y el papel que realiza el personal de enfermería en este ámbito. Metodología: revisión bibliográfica en siete bases de datos. Resultados: inseminación artificial, inyección intracitoplásmatica, donación de ovocitos, criopreservación y subrogación, son las principales técnicas de reproducción asistida. La infertilidad provoca baja autoestima, aislamiento, inferioridad, estrés, ansiedad y depresión. La enfermera cumple un importante papel en las personas con problemas de fertilidad, tanto en prevención como en aspectos emocionales, jurídicos y legales. Conclusiones: la TRA más utilizada es FIV, ganando ICSI y donación de ovocitos cada vez más terreno; hay discrepancia en cuanto al sufrimiento emocional en ambos miembros de la pareja, siendo la ansiedad y depresión los principales problemas emocionales, especialmente en la mujer. Así, las enfermeras están capacitadas para tratar y atender las necesidades de ambos miembros; constituyendo su función primordial la prevención.
[EN] Aims: Description of the main treatments in assisted reproduction, emotional problems in the infertile couple and the role played by the nursing staff in this area. Methodology: A bibliographic review in seven databases. Results: Artificial insemination, intracytoplasmic injection, donation of oocytes, cryopreservation and subrogation, are the main techniques of assisted reproduction. Infertility causes low self-esteem, isolation, inferiority, stress, anxiety and depression. The nurse plays an important role in people with fertility problems in prevention as well as in emotional aspects, legal and statutory. Conclusions: The ART more used is IVF, but ICSI and donation of oocytes are gaining more ground; there is a disagreement regarding the emotional suffering in both members of the couple, being the anxiety and depression the main emotional problems, especially in women. Thus, nurses are trained to treat and meet the needs of both members; constituting the prevention their primary function.
[EN] Aims: Description of the main treatments in assisted reproduction, emotional problems in the infertile couple and the role played by the nursing staff in this area. Methodology: A bibliographic review in seven databases. Results: Artificial insemination, intracytoplasmic injection, donation of oocytes, cryopreservation and subrogation, are the main techniques of assisted reproduction. Infertility causes low self-esteem, isolation, inferiority, stress, anxiety and depression. The nurse plays an important role in people with fertility problems in prevention as well as in emotional aspects, legal and statutory. Conclusions: The ART more used is IVF, but ICSI and donation of oocytes are gaining more ground; there is a disagreement regarding the emotional suffering in both members of the couple, being the anxiety and depression the main emotional problems, especially in women. Thus, nurses are trained to treat and meet the needs of both members; constituting the prevention their primary function.