La carga del cuidador informal de la persona con esquizofrenia. Revisión sistemática.
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2021-02-16
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Introducción: La esquizofrenia es un trastorno mental grave crónico que produce una importante pérdida de funcionalidad en la persona. Desde el surgimiento de la reforma psiquiátrica la familia es el principal apoyo y responsable de la atención del enfermo. Objetivo: Conocer la carga a la que están expuestos los cuidadores de las personas dependientes con esquizofrenia. Metodología: Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática en las principales bases de datos de ciencias de la salud de los últimos diez años. Resultados: Tras analizar 42 estudios se puede afirmar que los cuidadores de las personas con esquizofrenia están expuestos a factores psicológicos, físicos, económicos y sociodemográficos que influyen en la carga del cuidador produciendo un impacto negativo su salud. Conclusiones: El cuidado a la persona con esquizofrenia produce una carga elevada al cuidador. Por esto es fundamental analizar las características y realizar intervenciones dirigidas a la prevención de la carga del cuidador.
Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic serious mental disorder that causes a significant loss of functionality in the person. Since the emergence of psychiatric reform, the family has been the main support and responsible for the care of the patient. Objective: To know the burden to which the caregivers of dependent people with schizophrenia are exposed. Methodology: A systematic review has been carried out in the main health science databases for the last ten years. Results: After analyzing 42 studies, it can be affirmed that the caregivers of people with schizophrenia are exposed to psychological, physical, economic and sociodemographic factors that influence the caregiver's burden, producing a negative impact on their health. Conclusions: Caring for the person with schizophrenia produces a high burden on the caregiver. For this reason, it is essential to analyze the characteristics and carry out interventions aimed at preventing caregiver burden.
Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic serious mental disorder that causes a significant loss of functionality in the person. Since the emergence of psychiatric reform, the family has been the main support and responsible for the care of the patient. Objective: To know the burden to which the caregivers of dependent people with schizophrenia are exposed. Methodology: A systematic review has been carried out in the main health science databases for the last ten years. Results: After analyzing 42 studies, it can be affirmed that the caregivers of people with schizophrenia are exposed to psychological, physical, economic and sociodemographic factors that influence the caregiver's burden, producing a negative impact on their health. Conclusions: Caring for the person with schizophrenia produces a high burden on the caregiver. For this reason, it is essential to analyze the characteristics and carry out interventions aimed at preventing caregiver burden.