Aplicación del proceso de enfermería a un paciente con tratamiento renal sustitutivo, hemodiálisis.
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2016-06-17
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] La insuficiencia renal crónica es un importante problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, tanto en países desarrollados como en vías de desarrollo. El fallo renal producido es irreversible, por tanto se necesita de tratamientos sustitutivos para sobrevivir. El coste de los tratamientos es muy elevado, al igual que el número de pacientes incluidos en los programas de diálisis. Las dos principales causas son la diabetes mellitus y las nefropatías vasculares crónicas. Un tipo de tratamiento sustitutivo renal es la hemodiálisis, garantizando supervivencia prolongada. Las personas con insuficiencia renal crónica presentan una clínica que requiere de unos cuidados especializados por parte de las enfermeras y enfermeros. El objetivo del trabajo es acercarnos a conocer la enfermedad renal crónica a través de la elaboración de un plan de cuidados a un paciente que la presenta y se encuentra en la unidad de hemodiálisis, a través de un mejor conocimiento de la enfermedad y un seguimiento individualizado de los pacientes. El paciente de este caso se encuentra en la Unidad de Hemodiálisis del Hospital Médico Quirúrgico de Jaén, en el cual he realizado las prácticas. Así mismo el plan de atención elaborado, junto con la introducción acerca de esta patología, puede ser un instrumento útil y práctico para llevar a cabo unos cuidados especializados de los pacientes dentro de nuestras competencias en el ámbito de la salud.
[EN] Chronic kidney disease is an important public health problem around the world, both in developed and developing countries. Produced renal failure is irreversible, therefore alternative treatments are needed to survive. The cost of treatment is very high, as well as the number of patients included in the programmes of dialysis. The two main causes are diabetes mellitus and the chronic vascular Nephropathies. A type of renal replacement therapy is hemodialysis, ensuring long-term survival. People with chronic renal failure have a clinic that requires some specialized nurses and nursing care. The objective of the work is an approach to get to know the chronic kidney disease through the development of a plan of care of a patient who presents it and is located in the hemodialysis unit, through a better understanding of the disease and an individualized follow-up of the patients. In this case, the patient is in the hemodialysis unit of the Hospital Médico Quirúrgico of Jaén, in which I made the practical nursing. The Elaborated care plan, along with the introduction about this pathology, can be a useful and practical tool to carry out specialized care of patients within our competences in the field of health.
[EN] Chronic kidney disease is an important public health problem around the world, both in developed and developing countries. Produced renal failure is irreversible, therefore alternative treatments are needed to survive. The cost of treatment is very high, as well as the number of patients included in the programmes of dialysis. The two main causes are diabetes mellitus and the chronic vascular Nephropathies. A type of renal replacement therapy is hemodialysis, ensuring long-term survival. People with chronic renal failure have a clinic that requires some specialized nurses and nursing care. The objective of the work is an approach to get to know the chronic kidney disease through the development of a plan of care of a patient who presents it and is located in the hemodialysis unit, through a better understanding of the disease and an individualized follow-up of the patients. In this case, the patient is in the hemodialysis unit of the Hospital Médico Quirúrgico of Jaén, in which I made the practical nursing. The Elaborated care plan, along with the introduction about this pathology, can be a useful and practical tool to carry out specialized care of patients within our competences in the field of health.