Efectividad de las intervenciones sobre la mucositis en pacientes pediátricos oncológicos. Una revisión bibliográfica.
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2015-06-24
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] Introducción: La mucositis oral producida por quimioterapia es un problema grave que afecta a un gran número de población infantil que se encuentra en tratamiento para el cáncer. Hoy día no existe un protocolo para la prevención o el tratamiento de la mucositis.
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es revisar las medidas preventivas y el tratamiento de la mucositis en pacientes pediátricos oncológicos y analizar la efectividad de éstos.
Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos, tanto nacionales como internacionales. Tras la realización de dicha búsqueda, se obtuvieron 141 estudios, de los cuales solo 15 cumplían los criterios de inclusión y calidad establecidos. Se revisó cada estudio teniendo en cuenta el diseño del estudio, la intervención usada en cada uno y los resultados.
Resultados: Existen medidas de prevención y tratamiento muy diversas que incluyen enjuagues bucales, láser de baja intensidad o crioterapia. Sin embargo, la efectividad de éstos en la prevención y tratamiento de la misma es muy variada.
Conclusiones: Se plantea la necesidad de crear un protocolo de prevención y manejo de la mucositis oral en pacientes oncológicos pediátricos, teniendo especial relevancia la educación sobre cuidado oral.
[EN] Background: Oral mucositis caused by chemotherapy is a serious problem that affects a large part of children population in treatment for cancer. Today there isn’t a protocol for the prevention or treatment of mucositis. Aim: The aim of this study is to review preventive measures and treatment of mucositis in pediatric cancer patients and analyze the effectiveness of these. Methods: A literature search was conducted in the major databases, both national and international. After realization this search, 141 studios were obtained, of whichonly 15 met the inclusion and quality criteria established. Each study was reviewed taking into account the study design, the intervention used and the results. Results: There are several preventive measures and treatments that include mouthwashes, low level laser or cryotherapy. However, the effectiveness of these in the prevention and treatment there is varied. Conclusions: It arises the need to create a protocol for the prevention and management of oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients, having special relevance the education about oral care.
[EN] Background: Oral mucositis caused by chemotherapy is a serious problem that affects a large part of children population in treatment for cancer. Today there isn’t a protocol for the prevention or treatment of mucositis. Aim: The aim of this study is to review preventive measures and treatment of mucositis in pediatric cancer patients and analyze the effectiveness of these. Methods: A literature search was conducted in the major databases, both national and international. After realization this search, 141 studios were obtained, of whichonly 15 met the inclusion and quality criteria established. Each study was reviewed taking into account the study design, the intervention used and the results. Results: There are several preventive measures and treatments that include mouthwashes, low level laser or cryotherapy. However, the effectiveness of these in the prevention and treatment there is varied. Conclusions: It arises the need to create a protocol for the prevention and management of oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients, having special relevance the education about oral care.