Medidas no farmacológicas efectivas en la prevención de la neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica en pacientes adultos en UCI. Revisión bibliográfica.
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2016-01-21
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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La neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica (NAVM) es una de las complicaciones más frecuentes en las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Con la ventilación
mecánica (VM) se incrementa el riesgo de adquirir neumonía aumentando la incidencia de entre el 9 y el 67%, prolongándose el tiempo de VM y los días de hospitalización
en UCI, incrementándose el coste de cada tratamiento y si se trata tarde o es causada por organismos multirresistentes, se relaciona con un aumento de la mortalidad. El
objetivo general de este trabajo es identificar las medidas de prevención de la neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica efectivas, realizadas por los profesionales de
enfermería que están publicadas en la bibliografía científica. Se necesitan diseñar, actualizar e incluir en las guías y protocolos de prevención de la NAVM medidas no
farmacológicas y de esta manera incrementar la calidad del cuidado de los pacientes.
Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common complications in the intensive care unit (ICU). Mechanical ventilation (MV) increases the risk of getting pneumonia and also its incidence has a range from 9 to 67%, it has consequences such as prolonging the time with MV and the days of hospitalization in the ICU, so this increases the cost of each treatment, and when pneumonia is treated later or it's caused by multiresistant organisms, it is associated with increased mortality. The aim of this work is to identify the measures for the prevention of mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia that have been effectively implemented by nurses and published in the scientific literature. It's necessary to develop, update and include in guidelines and protocols non-pharmacological measures for the prevention of VAP, thus improving the quality of patient care.
Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common complications in the intensive care unit (ICU). Mechanical ventilation (MV) increases the risk of getting pneumonia and also its incidence has a range from 9 to 67%, it has consequences such as prolonging the time with MV and the days of hospitalization in the ICU, so this increases the cost of each treatment, and when pneumonia is treated later or it's caused by multiresistant organisms, it is associated with increased mortality. The aim of this work is to identify the measures for the prevention of mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia that have been effectively implemented by nurses and published in the scientific literature. It's necessary to develop, update and include in guidelines and protocols non-pharmacological measures for the prevention of VAP, thus improving the quality of patient care.
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