Propuesta de tratamiento basado en la evidencia tras reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior
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2016-06-16
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] La rehabilitación de los pacientes después de una reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) ha sido objeto de estudio y ha sufrido notables mejoras en las últimas décadas. El actual incremento de deportistas, en concreto, de deportes de invierno ha elevado de forma considerable el número de lesiones de LCA en ese tiempo.
La realización de un protocolo de rehabilitación tardía y estandarizada provoca una vuelta al deporte lenta y, en muchos casos, en presencia de inestabilidad de rodilla residual. El aumento de estudios que intentan esclarecer las técnicas más adecuadas para la producción de una rodilla más estable y en un menor periodo de tiempo indican que probablemente el protocolo de rehabilitación está anticuado y se requiere un cambio en las técnicas de fisioterapia postoperatoria. Pese a esto sigue existiendo controversia en la literatura acerca de numerosas técnicas.
El objetivo del presente estudio es establecer qué técnicas de tratamiento de fisioterapia son las que producen mayores beneficios para el deportista y una vuelta a la práctica deportiva temprana. También se evaluará la eficacia del protocolo de rehabilitación preestablecido así como los distintos métodos de intervención y selección del injerto.
[EN] The rehabilitation of patients after reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has been studied and has undergone significant improvements in recent decades. The current surge of athletes, in particular winter sports has increased significantly the number of ACL injuries in that time. The realization of a standardized late protocol and rehabilitation causes a slow return to sport and, in many cases, in the presence of residual knee instability. Increasing studies attempting to clarify the most appropriate techniques for the production of a more stable knee and in a shorter period of time indicate that rehabilitation protocol is outdated and probably required a change in postoperative physiotherapy techniques. Despite of that, nowadays still existing controversy in the literature about numerous techniques. The aim of this study is to establish which physiotherapy’s techniques are those that produce greater benefits for the athlete and an early return to the sport. Also evaluate the effectiveness of prescribed rehabilitation protocol and several methods of intervention and graft selection will also be evaluated.
[EN] The rehabilitation of patients after reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has been studied and has undergone significant improvements in recent decades. The current surge of athletes, in particular winter sports has increased significantly the number of ACL injuries in that time. The realization of a standardized late protocol and rehabilitation causes a slow return to sport and, in many cases, in the presence of residual knee instability. Increasing studies attempting to clarify the most appropriate techniques for the production of a more stable knee and in a shorter period of time indicate that rehabilitation protocol is outdated and probably required a change in postoperative physiotherapy techniques. Despite of that, nowadays still existing controversy in the literature about numerous techniques. The aim of this study is to establish which physiotherapy’s techniques are those that produce greater benefits for the athlete and an early return to the sport. Also evaluate the effectiveness of prescribed rehabilitation protocol and several methods of intervention and graft selection will also be evaluated.