La sobrecarga de los cuidadores principales de pacientes afectados porla Enfermedad de Alzheimer. Revisión de la literatura.
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2017-05-23
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES] Introducción: El cuidar a veces causa en los cuidadores una sobrecarga que puede llevar a estos a abandonar el cuidado del
paciente o su propio cuidado. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de sobrecarga que experimentan las personas cuidadoras de
familiares diagnosticadas de Enfermedad de Alzheimer. Metodologia: revisión bibliográfica narrativa en bases de datos
nacionales e internacionales. Resultados: la sobrecarga está influenciada por el estado cognitivo y conductual del paciente, la falta de tiempo de ocio, el aislamiento social, familiar y afectivo, la pérdida de la independencia del enfermo o el aumento de la demanda de cuidados. El apoyo familiar, los grupos de apoyo y las intervenciones individualizadas bien estructuradas son factores que contribuyen a disminuir la sobrecarga del cuidador. Suelen ser mujeres, de entre unos 50 y 60 años de edad, que son las hijas de los pacientes y que están casadas. Conclusión: es imprescindible conocer el nivel de sobrecarga del cuidador y sus factores influyentes, tanto para la salud del paciente como de la suya propia.
[EN] Introduction: Caregiving sometimes causes caregivers an overload that can lead them to abandon the care of the patient or their own care. Objective: To determine the level of overload experienced by caregivers of family members diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Methodology: Narrative bibliographic review in national and international databases. Results: overload is influenced by the patient's cognitive and behavioral state, lack of leisure time, social, familial and effective isolation, loss of independence of the patient or increased demand for care. Family support, support groups, and well-structured individualized interventions all contribute to reducing caregiver overload. They are usually women between the ages of 50 and 60, who are the daughters of the patients and are married. Conclusion: it is essential to know the level of overload of the caregiver and its influential factors, both for the health of the patient and his own.
[EN] Introduction: Caregiving sometimes causes caregivers an overload that can lead them to abandon the care of the patient or their own care. Objective: To determine the level of overload experienced by caregivers of family members diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Methodology: Narrative bibliographic review in national and international databases. Results: overload is influenced by the patient's cognitive and behavioral state, lack of leisure time, social, familial and effective isolation, loss of independence of the patient or increased demand for care. Family support, support groups, and well-structured individualized interventions all contribute to reducing caregiver overload. They are usually women between the ages of 50 and 60, who are the daughters of the patients and are married. Conclusion: it is essential to know the level of overload of the caregiver and its influential factors, both for the health of the patient and his own.
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