La regulación internacional y europea del asilo y refugio
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2017-01
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]En la actualidad, Europa está viviendo la mayor crisis de refugiados desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Esto nos ha hecho plantearnos cuáles son los instrumentos jurídicos internacionales y europeos que regulan el derecho de asilo y refugio de aquellas personas en riesgo fundado de persecución en sus países de origen.
Hemos apreciado una carencia de regulación en el plano del Derecho internacional, encontrándose vigentes únicamente la Convención sobre el Estatuto de los Refugiados de 1951, o Convención de Ginebra, y el Protocolo sobre el Estatuto de los Refugiados celebrado en Nueva York en 1967.
Hemos analizado la evolución sufrida por el derecho de asilo y de refugio en la Unión Europea desde el Tratado de la Comunidad Económica Europea hasta el actual Tratado de Lisboa; así como los diferentes reglamentos y directivas, sus recientes reformas, consecuencia de la actual crisis de refugiados que huyen de la guerra en Siria y sus aplicaciones prácticas en la Unión Europea tras la avalancha de solicitudes de protección internacional procedentes de nacionales sirios.
[EN]At present, Europe is experiencing the biggest refugee crisis since the Second World War. This fact has made us think how the International and European legal framework governing the right of asylum and refuge work, regarding those people who are at risk of persecution in their countries of origin. There is a lack of regulation at the level of international law. The Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, held in Geneva in 1951, and the Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees, held in New York in 1967 are current the only regulation in force. About the European Union’s regulation, we have analyzed the evolution that the right of asylum and refuge has experienced since the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community to the current Treaty of Lisbon. Also, the various Regulations and Directives, their recent reforms, as a consequence of the current crisis of refugees fleeing the war in Syria and its practical applications in the European Union after the flood of applications for international protection from Syrian nationals.
[EN]At present, Europe is experiencing the biggest refugee crisis since the Second World War. This fact has made us think how the International and European legal framework governing the right of asylum and refuge work, regarding those people who are at risk of persecution in their countries of origin. There is a lack of regulation at the level of international law. The Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, held in Geneva in 1951, and the Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees, held in New York in 1967 are current the only regulation in force. About the European Union’s regulation, we have analyzed the evolution that the right of asylum and refuge has experienced since the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community to the current Treaty of Lisbon. Also, the various Regulations and Directives, their recent reforms, as a consequence of the current crisis of refugees fleeing the war in Syria and its practical applications in the European Union after the flood of applications for international protection from Syrian nationals.