APLICACIÓN DE LA HERRAMIENTA CRISTAL PARA LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE RIESGOS, ADAPTACIÓN Y MEDIOS DE VIDA EN LA COMUNIDAD DE CATCHINDONGO, PROVINCIA DE HUAMBO, ANGOLA.
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2021-11-05
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La mayor parte de la población de Angola vive en el medio rural y depende de los recursos naturales para cubrir sus necesidades básicas. A pesar de que Angola no está identificada entre los países con mayor índice de riesgo climático, los principales escenarios climáticos pronostican un claro aumento del riesgo de sequías, alternadas con períodos de inundaciones. En este contexto climático, la población rural, con la actual dependencia de los recursos naturales y que desarrollan sus actividades en ecosistemas bajo distintos tipos de amenazas climáticas, está sometida a una elevada vulnerabilidad frente a cualquier fenómeno climático adverso. Para hacer frente a estos cambios, es imprescindible contar con herramientas que ayuden a tomar decisiones en el ámbito de la adaptación comunitaria. El objetivo de este trabajo fue poner a punto y aplicar la
herramienta CRiSTAL en la comunidad de Catchindongo (Huambo, Angola). A partir de información obtenida en la literatura científica de referencia y procesos participativos, se han identificado las siguientes amenazas climáticas i) lluvias torrenciales, ii) sequía, iii) alteración del régimen de precipitaciones y, iv) aumento de temperatura. Tras la aplicación de la herramienta, se han identificado acciones de mejora orientadas a: i) la implementación de un programa de agricultura de adaptación y conservación, ii) la difusión de sistemas de producción de carbón vegetal eficientes iii) el fortalecimiento asociativo, iv) el desarrollo de un Sistema de Alerta Temprana y v) la mejora de la red viaria mediante una estrategia de Soluciones basadas en la Naturaleza (SbN).
Most of Angola's population lives in rural areas and depends on natural resources to cover their basic needs. Although Angola is not considered as a country with high or very high global climate risk index, an increase in the risk of droughts alternating with flooding periods is expected in the forecast climate scenarios. In this climatic context, the rural population, which shows high dependence on natural resources which are mostly taken from ecosystems already subjected to different types of climatic hazards, is highly vulnerable to any adverse climatic event. Under these conditions, it ́s essential to have tools for making decisions in the field of communities-based adaptation. The objective of this study was to optimise and adapt the tool CRiSTAL in the community of Catchindongo (Huambo, Angola). Based on information obtained from the scientific literature and participatory processes, the main current and potential climate hazards identified were i) torrential rains, ii) drought, iii) alterations of the precipitation regime and, iv) temperature increase. Following the application of the tool, some actions have been identified, and include; i) implementation of an adaptation and conservation agriculture programme, ii) dissemination of efficient charcoal production systems, iii)strengthening of the organizational structures, iv) development of an Early Warning System and v) improvement of the road network through a of Nature-based Solutions (NBS) strategy.
Most of Angola's population lives in rural areas and depends on natural resources to cover their basic needs. Although Angola is not considered as a country with high or very high global climate risk index, an increase in the risk of droughts alternating with flooding periods is expected in the forecast climate scenarios. In this climatic context, the rural population, which shows high dependence on natural resources which are mostly taken from ecosystems already subjected to different types of climatic hazards, is highly vulnerable to any adverse climatic event. Under these conditions, it ́s essential to have tools for making decisions in the field of communities-based adaptation. The objective of this study was to optimise and adapt the tool CRiSTAL in the community of Catchindongo (Huambo, Angola). Based on information obtained from the scientific literature and participatory processes, the main current and potential climate hazards identified were i) torrential rains, ii) drought, iii) alterations of the precipitation regime and, iv) temperature increase. Following the application of the tool, some actions have been identified, and include; i) implementation of an adaptation and conservation agriculture programme, ii) dissemination of efficient charcoal production systems, iii)strengthening of the organizational structures, iv) development of an Early Warning System and v) improvement of the road network through a of Nature-based Solutions (NBS) strategy.