Revisión bibliográfica. Atención sanitaria al paciente con ictus en fase aguda.
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2015-06-24
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES] Introducción: En España, el ictus es la segunda causa de muerte y la primera de discapacidad en el adulto, lo que acarrea un elevado consumo de recursos y coste económico. Esta problemática se verá agravada por el progresivo envejecimiento de la población en nuestro país.
Metodología: El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue estudiar la asistencia sanitaria en nuestro país. Para ello nos planteamos 3 objetivos específicos y realizamos una revisión bibliográfica, desarrollando la búsqueda en distintas bases de datos y revistas científicas y concretando criterios de inclusión y de exclusión.
Resultados: Hay que considerar el ictus como una urgencia neurológica que requiere una atención organizada y especializada. En este aspecto, se ha demostrado que el ingreso de los pacientes en Unidades de Ictus reduce la mortalidad y la dependencia tras su fase aguda. Además, la activación del denominado “Código Ictus” reduce los tiempos de la atención sanitaria y aumenta el número de pacientes a los que se administra el tratamiento trombolítico. Igualmente, se debe asegurar que dicha atención sea de calidad y para ello se requiere una correcta adhesión de los profesionales sanitarios a los protocolos de actuación a lo largo de toda la cadena asistencial.
Conclusiones: La asistencia al ictus ha logrado un gran avance, pero aún hay aspectos en los que mejorar como pudiera ser el lograr la equidad de la asistencia en toda la geografía española, fortalecer las campañas informativas a la población o perseverar en la formación continua y actualizada de los profesionales sanitarios.
[EN] Introduction: In Spain, stroke is the second cause of death and first of disability in adults. That fact results in a high level of resources consumption and economic cost. This difficulty will be made worse because of the progressive Spanish population ageing. Methodology: The main objective of this essay was to study the Spanish health related assistance. In order to get this objective, we considered three specific goals and we made a bibliographic revision, developing the search in different databases and scientific magazines, and summarizing the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: We must consider the stroke as a neurological emergency which demands an organized and specialized attention. In this aspect, we know that the admission of patients in Stroke Units reduces the mortality and the dependence after its intense stage. What’s more, the activation of the named "Stroke code" reduces the health related assistance times and increases the patients who receive thrombus treatment. Equally, the assistance quality must be assured, for what it’s necessary a correct joining of the sanitary professional and the actuation protocols during the whole assistance string. Conclusions: The stroke assistance has improved a lot, but there still are some aspects which could be better, as the achievement of equal assistance in the complete Spanish territory, the reinforcement of informative campaigns for the population, or the persistence in a continuous and updated training for sanitary professionals.
[EN] Introduction: In Spain, stroke is the second cause of death and first of disability in adults. That fact results in a high level of resources consumption and economic cost. This difficulty will be made worse because of the progressive Spanish population ageing. Methodology: The main objective of this essay was to study the Spanish health related assistance. In order to get this objective, we considered three specific goals and we made a bibliographic revision, developing the search in different databases and scientific magazines, and summarizing the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: We must consider the stroke as a neurological emergency which demands an organized and specialized attention. In this aspect, we know that the admission of patients in Stroke Units reduces the mortality and the dependence after its intense stage. What’s more, the activation of the named "Stroke code" reduces the health related assistance times and increases the patients who receive thrombus treatment. Equally, the assistance quality must be assured, for what it’s necessary a correct joining of the sanitary professional and the actuation protocols during the whole assistance string. Conclusions: The stroke assistance has improved a lot, but there still are some aspects which could be better, as the achievement of equal assistance in the complete Spanish territory, the reinforcement of informative campaigns for the population, or the persistence in a continuous and updated training for sanitary professionals.
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