Optimización de estrategias analíticas basadas en espectroscopía UV para la determinación de nitratos en compost
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2023-05-07
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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Este trabajo evalúa estrategias para la determinación de nitratos en compost por espectroscopía UV. Se optimizó la preparación de extractos acuosos empleando CaSO4 y KCl, eligiéndose KCl por su mayor reproducibilidad. La espectroscopía UV es un método sencillo y fiable para determinar nitratos en matrices como aguas, donde sólo los nitratos presentan absorción UV. Sin embargo, en compost, se observó que la presencia de materia orgánica (MO), que también absorbe en UV, causaba interferencia. Como alternativa se plantearon dos estrategias: (1) La eliminación de nitratos para calcular un factor empírico, R, para estimar la absorbancia debida solo a MO. Los resultados no fueron satisfactorios ya que el catalizador utilizado, además de la reducción de los nitratos provocaba también cambios en la absorción UV de la MO. Dicho factor está correlacionado con la relación C/N, lo que permite emplearlo como un indicador de madurez del compost. (2) El empleo de resinas adsorbentes (Amberlite XAD-4 y XAD-16) para retener la MO, siendo la más eficiente la Amberlite XAD-4. Sin embargo, no fue posible eliminar completamente la interferencia debida a la MO.
This study evaluates strategies for the determination of nitrates in compost by UV spectroscopy. The preparation of aqueous extracts was optimized using CaSO4 and KCl, choosing KCl for its higher reproducibility. UV spectroscopy is a simple and reliable method to determine nitrates in matrices such as water, where only nitrates show UV absorption. However, in compost, it was observed that the presence of organic matter (OM), which also absorbs UV, caused interference. As an alternative, two strategies were proposed: (1) The elimination of nitrates to calculate an empirical factor R, to estimate the absorbance due to OM. The results were not satisfactory since the catalyst used also caused changes in the UV absorption of OM. This factor is correlated with the C/N ratio, which makes it possible to use it as an indicator of compost maturity. (2) The use of adsorbent resins (Amberlite XAD-4 and XAD-16) to retain OM, the most efficient being Amberlite XAD-4. However, it was not possible to eliminate the interference due to OM.
This study evaluates strategies for the determination of nitrates in compost by UV spectroscopy. The preparation of aqueous extracts was optimized using CaSO4 and KCl, choosing KCl for its higher reproducibility. UV spectroscopy is a simple and reliable method to determine nitrates in matrices such as water, where only nitrates show UV absorption. However, in compost, it was observed that the presence of organic matter (OM), which also absorbs UV, caused interference. As an alternative, two strategies were proposed: (1) The elimination of nitrates to calculate an empirical factor R, to estimate the absorbance due to OM. The results were not satisfactory since the catalyst used also caused changes in the UV absorption of OM. This factor is correlated with the C/N ratio, which makes it possible to use it as an indicator of compost maturity. (2) The use of adsorbent resins (Amberlite XAD-4 and XAD-16) to retain OM, the most efficient being Amberlite XAD-4. However, it was not possible to eliminate the interference due to OM.
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Química Analítica