LA EMPRESA MARÍTIMA EN ROMA: LOS NAVICULARII Y SUS NEGOCIOS JURÍDICOS.
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2019-05
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] El Derecho romano no conoció un Derecho mercantil como rama especial del Derecho privado, a pesar de que en Roma existió un importante tráfico mercantil. Es en la Baja Edad Media cuando, frente al sistema feudal y a una economía fundamentalmente inmobiliaria y agraria, surge una nueva realidad patrimonial que tiene como principal actividad económica el mercado.
El derecho mercantil se considera un derecho consuetudinario, se creó por la costumbre como fuente de derecho. El comercio, entendido como el intercambio de bienes o servicios tiene su origen en el trueque. Se organizaron de tal forma que pudieron satisfacer sus necesidades básicas.
El desarrollo comercial a gran escala fue posible en Roma a través del transporte marítimo. Obtuvo una gran importancia del mar y su regulación a través de figuras como el fenus nauticum o el receptum. Favoreció a grades descubrimientos geográficos en la expansión del derecho mercantil.
[EN] Roman law did not know a commercial law as a special branch of private law, despite the fact that in Rome there was an important commercial traffic. It is in the Late Middle Ages when, faced with the feudal system and a fundamentally real estate and agrarian economy, a new patrimonial reality appears that has the market as its main economic activity. Commercial law is considered a customary law, it was created by custom as a source of law. Trade, understood as the exchange of goods or services, has its origin in barter. They organized themselves in such a way that they were able to satisfy their basic needs. The commercial development on a large-scale was possible in Rome through maritime transport. It obtained a huge importance of the sea and its regulation through figures such as fenus nauticum or receptum. It favored great geographical discoveries in the expansion of commercial law.
[EN] Roman law did not know a commercial law as a special branch of private law, despite the fact that in Rome there was an important commercial traffic. It is in the Late Middle Ages when, faced with the feudal system and a fundamentally real estate and agrarian economy, a new patrimonial reality appears that has the market as its main economic activity. Commercial law is considered a customary law, it was created by custom as a source of law. Trade, understood as the exchange of goods or services, has its origin in barter. They organized themselves in such a way that they were able to satisfy their basic needs. The commercial development on a large-scale was possible in Rome through maritime transport. It obtained a huge importance of the sea and its regulation through figures such as fenus nauticum or receptum. It favored great geographical discoveries in the expansion of commercial law.