CAPACIDADES FÍSICAS Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA MEMORIA, CÁLCULO MATEMÁTICO, RAZONAMIENTO LINGÜÍSTICO Y CREATIVIDAD EN ADOLESCENTES
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2019-06-19
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la asociación del nivel de condición
física con variables de rendimiento cognitivo como memoria, cálculo matemático,
velocidad de razonamiento lingüístico y creatividad. La muestra estaba formada por 163
adolescentes (78 chicas y 85 chicos) de 13,9 ±1,4 años. La memoria se evaluó mediante
una adaptación propia basada en la prueba RIAS. Para el cálculo matemático y el
razonamiento lingüístico se usaron testsad hoc y para la creatividad el test CREA. Los
análisis mostraron que la resistencia cardiorrespiratoria se asocia a mejores niveles de
memoria (p = ,027), cálculo matemático (p = ,035), razonamiento lingüístico (p = ,014)
y creatividad (p = ,005), independientemente de la edad, sexo e índice de masa corporal
de los jóvenes. Se concluye que la resistencia cardiorrespiratoria es el componente de la
condición física que más se relaciona con altas capacidades cognitivas enadolescentes.
Se sugiere, que desde la Educación Física se implementen programas específicos para
incrementar la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria con prácticas sistemáticas.
Palabras clave:capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, Educación física, rendimiento cognitivo,
pensamiento divergente.
[EN]The aim of the present study was to analyze the association of the level of physical condition with variables of cognitive performance such as memory, mathematical calculation, speed of linguistic reasoning and creativity. The sample consisted of 163 adolescents (78 girls and 85 boys) of 13.9 ± 1.4 years. The memory was evaluated through an own adaptation based on the RIAS test. For the mathematical calculation and the linguistic reasoning testsad hoc were used and for creativity the CREA test. The analyzes showed that cardiorespiratory resistance is associated with better levels of memory (p =, 027), mathematical calculation (p =, 035), linguistic reasoning (p =, 014) and creativity (p =, 005), independently of the age, sex and body mass index of young people. It is concluded that cardiorespiratory resistance is the component of physical condition that is most related to high cognitive abilities in adolescents. It is suggested that from Physical Education specific programs be implemented to increase cardiorespiratory capacity with systematic practices. Key words:Cardiorespiratory fitness, Physical Education, cognitive performance, divergent thinking.
[EN]The aim of the present study was to analyze the association of the level of physical condition with variables of cognitive performance such as memory, mathematical calculation, speed of linguistic reasoning and creativity. The sample consisted of 163 adolescents (78 girls and 85 boys) of 13.9 ± 1.4 years. The memory was evaluated through an own adaptation based on the RIAS test. For the mathematical calculation and the linguistic reasoning testsad hoc were used and for creativity the CREA test. The analyzes showed that cardiorespiratory resistance is associated with better levels of memory (p =, 027), mathematical calculation (p =, 035), linguistic reasoning (p =, 014) and creativity (p =, 005), independently of the age, sex and body mass index of young people. It is concluded that cardiorespiratory resistance is the component of physical condition that is most related to high cognitive abilities in adolescents. It is suggested that from Physical Education specific programs be implemented to increase cardiorespiratory capacity with systematic practices. Key words:Cardiorespiratory fitness, Physical Education, cognitive performance, divergent thinking.
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Educación Física