Evolución del control de las plagas de artrópodos. Impacto de la lucha química en los enemigos naturales.
Fecha
2021-07-07
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] Desde el comienzo de la agricultura, el hombre ha estado implicado en una constante lucha frente a los parásitos asociados a los cultivos. Inicialmente, con la implantación de pequeños cultivos, hasta la actualidad con la implantación de grandes monocultivos, más susceptibles a plagas y patógenos, ha sido necesaria la adopción de métodos cada vez más eficientes de control. La descripción de las diferentes etapas de la Fitoterapia, de las metodologías y de los grandes grupos de productos utilizados a lo largo del tiempo, constituye el objetivo de este trabajo. Se presenta una revisión cronológica de la evolución en las metodologías aplicadas en el control de plagas y enfermedades: Lucha Sistemática; Lucha Dirigida; Control Integrado de Plagas; Cultivo Ecológico-Orgánico. Se presenta una visión integradora del empleo racional de insecticidas químicos, junto con la importancia de mantener y fomentar la actividad de los enemigos naturales, siendo decisivos en el control de las plagas.
[EN] Since the beginning of agriculture, humans have suffered a constant struggle against parasites associated with crops. Initially with the implantation of small crops, until now with the implantation of large monocultures, causing the need to adopt increasingly efficient methods for their control. The description of the different stages of Phytotherapy, the methodologies and large groups of products used over time, is the objective of this work. Chronologically, a review of developments in pest and disease control methodologies is presented: Systematic Fight; Directed control; Integrated Pest Control; Ecological Cultivation. An inclusive vision of the rational use of chemical insecticides is presented, along with the importance of maintaining and promoting the activity of natural enemies, being decisive in pest control.
[EN] Since the beginning of agriculture, humans have suffered a constant struggle against parasites associated with crops. Initially with the implantation of small crops, until now with the implantation of large monocultures, causing the need to adopt increasingly efficient methods for their control. The description of the different stages of Phytotherapy, the methodologies and large groups of products used over time, is the objective of this work. Chronologically, a review of developments in pest and disease control methodologies is presented: Systematic Fight; Directed control; Integrated Pest Control; Ecological Cultivation. An inclusive vision of the rational use of chemical insecticides is presented, along with the importance of maintaining and promoting the activity of natural enemies, being decisive in pest control.