Evaluación de Cognición Social en niños con Síndrome de Asperger
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2017-06-29
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
El Síndrome de Asperger es un trastorno de base neurobiológica de etiología aún desconocida que se manifiesta en edades tempranas. Según el Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales más reciente, DSM-V, forma parte de la subcategoría Trastornos del Espectro Autista. Se caracteriza por una gran variedad de alteraciones del neurodesarrollo; falta de socialización, déficits lingüísticos, intereses restringidos y dificultades para reconocer y expresar las emociones. De entre todos ellos, la cognición social es el área merecedora de especial atención. En el presente trabajo de fin de grado se profundiza en el conocimiento clínico y neuropsicológico del síndrome de Asperger, especialmente de este dominio cognitivo. Seleccionamos una muestra de 19 niños/as diagnosticados de dicha patología en los que se evaluaron las 5 áreas más destacadas de cognición social: imitación, atención conjunta, reciprocidad social, emociones y habilidades mentales. Tras obtener los resultados, observamos que las habilidades mentales son las más afectadas en estos niños/as. Sin embargo, no existen diferencias significativas con respecto al sexo y edad en ningún área evaluada.
Asperger's Syndrome is a neurobiological base disorder of unknown etiology that manifests itself in early ages. According to the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-V, this syndrome is part of the Autism Spectrum Disorders subcategory. It is characterized by a wide variety of neurodevelopment alterations; lack of socialization, linguistic deficits, restricted personal interests, difficulties recognizing and expressing emotions. Of all of them, social cognition is the area deserving of special attention. In the present end of degree work, clinical and neuropsychological knowledge of Asperger’s syndrome will be deepened, particularly in this cognitive domain. For that, we selected a sample of 19 children diagnosed with this pathology who were evaluated in the 5 most prominent areas of social cognition: imitation, joint attention, social reciprocity, emotions and mental abilities. After obtaining the results, we observed that mental abilities is the most affected area in these children. However, there aren´t significant differences about sex and age in any area evaluated.
Asperger's Syndrome is a neurobiological base disorder of unknown etiology that manifests itself in early ages. According to the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-V, this syndrome is part of the Autism Spectrum Disorders subcategory. It is characterized by a wide variety of neurodevelopment alterations; lack of socialization, linguistic deficits, restricted personal interests, difficulties recognizing and expressing emotions. Of all of them, social cognition is the area deserving of special attention. In the present end of degree work, clinical and neuropsychological knowledge of Asperger’s syndrome will be deepened, particularly in this cognitive domain. For that, we selected a sample of 19 children diagnosed with this pathology who were evaluated in the 5 most prominent areas of social cognition: imitation, joint attention, social reciprocity, emotions and mental abilities. After obtaining the results, we observed that mental abilities is the most affected area in these children. However, there aren´t significant differences about sex and age in any area evaluated.
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Neuropsicología